What part of the body does HIV attack?

HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, specifically attacks the immune system, which includes a variety of cells essential for immune functioning. The most notable targets of HIV are the CD4 T cells (also known as T helper cells), which play a crucial role in orchestrating the immune response by helping activate other immune cells to fight off infections and diseases.

As the virus replicates, it gradually depletes these critical immune cells, leading to a weakened immune response and making the body more susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. This progression can eventually result in AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), where the immune system is significantly compromised.

Understanding this specific targeting is critical for recognizing the implications of HIV infection on health and the necessity for treatment that focuses on managing the impact on the immune system.