What hormone is produced when blood glucose levels are low?

When blood glucose levels are low, the body responds by secreting glucagon, which plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis of glucose levels. Glucagon is produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas and acts in opposition to insulin, which is secreted when glucose levels are high.

The primary function of glucagon is to stimulate the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, releasing it into the bloodstream to raise blood sugar levels back to a normal range. Additionally, glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis, a process in which the liver produces glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, further helping to elevate blood glucose levels.

This feedback mechanism is crucial for ensuring that the body has a steady supply of glucose, particularly during fasting or between meals, when blood sugar levels might drop. The rapid response to low blood glucose is vital for energy supply, especially for the brain, which relies heavily on glucose for its functioning.