How does aging affect the risk of atherosclerosis?

Aging increases the risk of atherosclerosis due to several physiological changes that occur within the blood vessels over time. As people age, their blood vessels often undergo structural and functional alterations. These changes include a reduction in the elasticity of blood vessels, increased stiffness, and the buildup of materials such as cholesterol and fatty substances in the arterial walls.

Additionally, aging is associated with higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which contribute to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques can narrow the arteries and restrict blood flow, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes. The cumulative effects of these factors make older adults more susceptible to atherosclerosis compared to younger individuals. Understanding these mechanisms underscores the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health as one ages.